Land Governance

Land-based ecosystems are fundamental pillars of our wellbeing. However, their resilience is increasingly threatened by the growing demand for food, housing, energy and other ecosystem services. Building on the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the context of Food Security as an overarching framework, we work to promote the rights of all land users as an important precondition for sustainable and inclusive development.  

Our work involves analyzing structural barriers that hinder land users from enjoying their legitimate rights. Together with our partners, we explore context-specific solutions and innovations to overcome these barriers. This includes supporting governments in providing the necessary services to their citizens, and supporting right holders in claiming their legitimate rights. Building on the insights gained, we support the development of monitoring tools to increase transparency and accountability within the land sector, and to track the implementation of national and international commitments. Our approach can be described as multi-level changemaking to democratize food systems, end chronic poverty and food insecurity and restoring ecosystems.

We work simultaneously across the following three levels:

  • Local level: We create space and strengthen community-based organizations and sub-national governance institutions to co-develop social innovations for land tenure security.
  • National level: We work with governments, human rights institutions, and civil society networks to support the implementation of progressive national policies, also by building on progress made in global policy processes.
  • Global level: Through our broad research and policy networks we actively engage in identifying policy spaces and agenda setting to ensure that these ideas can be taken up and integrated into formal decision making and implementation. A core focus of our work is the integration of land tenure in the implementation of the three Rio Conventions.
The Women’s Land Rights Initiative
Initiative

The Women’s Land Rights Initiative

Women's land rights hold the potential to drive transformative change across the Rio Conventions to address the climate crisis, biodiversity loss and land degradation. With over 60 partners, we're ensuring women take center stage of just climate action.

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Land is power. And the roots of change are grounded in community action.
Initiative

Land is power. And the roots of change are grounded in community action.

When women are locked out of land access, they’re locked out of opportunity. We work with grassroots organizations to develop solutions that rebalance this power - transforming land access into a catalyst for equity, security, and lasting change.

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Human Rights and Land Navigator
Flagship Output

Human Rights and Land Navigator

A powerful tool that reveals the full extent of land and human rights violations key for advocates, land defenders, and governments to ensure rights are respected, protected and fulfilled

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Land, Gender and Human Rights

Land, Gender and Human Rights

Improving rights-based land governance with innovative tools

It is broadly acknowledged that the lack of land tenure security is a key barrier, not only to improved food security and sustainable land management practices at the farm level, but also for the restoration of ecosystems and resilience to climate change. While most countries have legal frameworks in place to recognize claims to land, both at individual and community level, enforcement remains weak. Despite their significant contribution to food security, and farm-based livelihoods, women are particularly disadvantaged due to the dominance of patriarchy and other unequal socio-cultural values in determining the ownership of land and other productive resources.

Multi-level changemaking: Our approach to strengthening responsible land governance

Multi-level changemaking: Our approach to strengthening responsible land governance

Bringing together diverse actors to strengthen policies and actions on responsible land governance

This body of work builds on TMG's flagship Global Soil Week programme, which aims to enable the protection of legitimate land tenure rights in the context of land degradation neutrality (LDN) measures and enabling smallholder farmers and local communities to contribute to the implementation of the UN Convention for Combating Desertification.[DB1] A key objective of the work is to mobilize partnerships to translate global policy frameworks and targets into feasible actions at the local level and leverage action research to improve global governance agendas.

Sustainable Land Management

Sustainable Land Management

Exploring social innovations at community level to foster sustainable land management practices

This thematic strand focuses on understanding the underlying socio-political dynamics and other structural challenges that smallholder farmers face in investing in sustainable land management practices. Based on locally-embedded research with our partners in several African countries, we develop, and pilot, "social innovations" to overcome structural obstacles. By sharing the insights gained with our broader networks of partners, as well as at various multilateral processes, we also seek to contribute to a systemic understanding of the enabling conditions for scaling up sustainable land management, at both the local and ecosystem levels.

Beyond the Negotiation Room: What Actually Shapes Negotiation Outcomes
Blog Post Apr 09, 2026

Beyond the Negotiation Room: What Actually Shapes Negotiation Outcomes

Negotiation outcomes are shaped far beyond the room, by politics, narratives, institutions, and how evidence is used. Influence depends on connecting these layers and linking global agreements to local realities to turn commitments into real-world impact.
Land tenure, women’s land rights, and resilience: Reflections from CRIC23 toward UNCCD COP17
Blog Post Dec 18, 2025

Land tenure, women’s land rights, and resilience: Reflections from CRIC23 toward UNCCD COP17

Our experts discuss what the exchanges at CRIC23 highlighted and revealed about the role of secure and gender-equitable land tenure in the UNCCD's work ahead of the 2026 triple COP year.
Climate diplomacy must shift focus from markets to land rights
Media Coverage Oct 20, 2025

Climate diplomacy must shift focus from markets to land rights

Land tenure is key to climate goals, but carbon markets have had harrowing impacts on local communities. A new agenda on adaptation must succeed where decarbonisation has failed, say Frederike Klümper and Joanna Trimble.
Women's Land Rights are the Key to Global Stability | UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw
Media Coverage Jul 31, 2025

Women's Land Rights are the Key to Global Stability | UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw

In this video message for the 2025 High-Level Political Forum, UNCCD Executive Secretary Ibrahim Thiaw draws attention to TMG's Haki Ardhi land rights reporting tool to overcome women's exclusion from land ownership.
Did 2024 - the year of the triple COP - change anything for land rights?
Blog Post Jun 26, 2025

Did 2024 - the year of the triple COP - change anything for land rights?

What did this “triple COP” moment really deliver for land rights? Can we keep the momentum up to advance gains made and push for bolder action?
Unlocking Land Tenure: Pathways for policy action after the triple COPs of 2024
Publication Jun 03, 2025

Unlocking Land Tenure: Pathways for policy action after the triple COPs of 2024

This brief presents a powerful analysis of 2024's landmark triple-COP year, highlighting land tenure outcomes across the Rio Conventions. It maps key decisions, advocacy entry points, and opportunities to advance land rights in global land governance.
Hard Talk Adaptation: Insights for an Evolving Adaptation Landscape

Report

Hard Talk Adaptation: Insights for an Evolving Adaptation Landscape

The widening gap between global adaptation needs and the resources and institutional capacity to meet them calls for new approaches. This paper synthesizes the key insights emerging from the Hard Talk Adaptation dialogues, which explored such pathways.

Written by Moritz Hauer, Emily Robertson

Published on Feb 25, 2026

Why ICARRD+20 Matters Now: Land Governance as a Foundation for Sustainable and Inclusive Transformation

Info Brief

Why ICARRD+20 Matters Now: Land Governance as a Foundation for Sustainable and Inclusive Transformation

Land is finite, but policies on climate, food, and biodiversity are not accounting for it. At ICARRD+20, we highlight why weak tenure, especially for women and Indigenous Peoples, is creating a growing governance gap.

Written by Frederike Klümper, Ilse Pelkmans

Published on Feb 20, 2026

Women's Land Rights as a Critical Governance Lever Across Multiple Agendas

Info Brief

Women's Land Rights as a Critical Governance Lever Across Multiple Agendas

Women’s land rights are a critical leverage point across multiple policy agendas, including climate adaptation and mitigation, biodiversity conservation, drought resilience, and food security.

Written by Frederike Klümper, Ilse Pelkmans

Published on Feb 20, 2026

Cumulative Land Demand and Access to Land as a Structural Political Challenge

Info Brief

Cumulative Land Demand and Access to Land as a Structural Political Challenge

A key empirical development shaping land governance today is cumulative land demand: the growing overlap of land-use claims for food production, climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation, infrastructure, and land-based investments, and more.

Written by Frederike Klümper, Ilse Pelkmans

Published on Feb 20, 2026

Strengthening Accountability for Land Governance

Info Brief

Strengthening Accountability for Land Governance

A decade after the VGGT, land rights are widely recognized—but strengthening accountability is crucial to ensuring that progress is measured in real tenure security and protection from dispossession, not only plans or strategies.

Written by Frederike Klümper, Ilse Pelkmans

Published on Feb 20, 2026

Rights4Land Monitoring Tool Manual

Technical Guide

Rights4Land Monitoring Tool Manual

This manual provides guidance on how to use the Rights4Land (R4L) monitoring tool, which assesses the extent to which a given location complies with the VGGT—international standards for responsible land governance—and underlying human rights obligations.

Written by Ilse Pelkmans

Published on Feb 18, 2026

  • Land Governance Sep 20, 2025

    Land leasing guidelines transform land access for women

    Women-led grassroots organization, Shibuye Community Health Workers, co-developed land leasing guidelines in their communities. Explore the transformational results.

  • Land Governance Dec 02, 2024

    The Women's Land Rights Initiative: placing land rights at the heart of just climate action

    Our latest video showcases why women’s land rights must rest at the heart of just climate action.

  • Land Governance Nov 12, 2024

    Soil Atlas 2024: Facts and figures about a vital resource

    Healthy soils are vital for food security, biodiversity and climate resilience, yet 1/3 of soils are degraded worldwide. As land use competition and rights violations rise, soil must be central to just climate policies.

  • Land Governance Mar 11, 2024

    The Haki Ardhi App

    A tool that enables women to report tenure rights violations and gender-based violence.

  • Land Governance Feb 06, 2023

    Monitoring the Human Right to Land

    A tool for monitoring land-based human rights violations

  • Land Governance Oct 04, 2022

    First Governor's Day with Farmers - Kakamega County, Kenya

    A novel approach aiming to bring farmers and agricultural policymakers closer together.

  • Land Governance Sep 26, 2022

    Tem Sesiabun Gorado - Un modèle innovateur de transfert de connaissances

    Un nouveau modèle de transfert de connaissances entre agriculteur·rice·s

  • Land Governance Sep 26, 2022

    Tem Sesiabun Gorado - An innovative model for knowledge transfer

    A novel farmer-to-farmer knowledge transfer model

  • Food Systems Jul 15, 2022

    Transforming food systems from the bottom up: Social innovations for soil restoration

    A conversation around land rights and agricultural transformation

  • Land Governance Jun 02, 2022

    No Sustainability Transition Without Securing Legitimate Land Rights - TMG @ COP 15

    TMG and partners bring "Rights to Land" agenda to COP 15

  • Land Governance May 09, 2022

    The Human Rights & Land Navigator

    A new instrument instrument for strengthening the application of the voluntary guidelines on tenure

  • Land Governance Jan 13, 2022

    The State of Land Degradation Neutrality in Madagascar

    Just Transitions towards Land Degradation Neutrality: Tenure Rights for Soil Restoration

  • Land Governance Oct 13, 2021

    Hunger, Land and Gender: Making Women’s Land Rights a Reality

    Webinar recording of the first event in the series Hungry for Change

  • Food Systems Sep 13, 2021

    Land-Food-Climate: An African-European Dialogue on Climate Resilience

    Teaser video for the "Land-Food-Climate: An African-European Dialogue on Climate Resilience" event series

  • Land Governance Feb 22, 2021

    Building Back Better and Greener with Agroecology

    A video marking the launch of the Transformative Partnership Platform (TPP) on agroecology

  • Land Governance Jan 22, 2021

    Agroecology for Adaptation - Systemic Challenges/Systemic Responses

    A video sharing perspectives from diverse experts on how to create an enabling environment to support smallholder-led innovations for climate change adaptation